After reading through the script and getting basic ideas about what you need to include, you can begin to compile a cue list. The cue list will serve as a timeline for when lighting techniques will occur throughout the performance. You will develop this list as you continue to build your lighting, so it may start more basic and grow to include precise cues and details. Typical instructions include words like “dim” and “lights up.”
This list is vital for communicating plans with other production teams on set, like the director, actors and set crews. When those groups have a general idea of what the lighting will look like and when it will occur, they can better plan their actions around them. For example, if the set crew knows certain areas of the stage will be dark at particular times, they can arrange to move and stage props during those times.
Create the Lighting Plan
As you determine what lights you want to use, you can begin to think about the best places to put them. Stages offer several spaces for lights, each with a different purpose and angle to provide something new to the performance. Some essential lighting rigging placements include:
Front: The majority of your performance’s light will come from the front of the stage. You can use these lights to provide a general wash over the stage or feature specific performers throughout the performance. These lights’ primary purpose is to provide minimal shadows for the audience.
Back and downlighting: Backlighting sits at the back of the stage behind the performers. Downlighting involves lights either positioned above actors shining down or placed at their feet shining up. Both aim to add dimension and depth to the stage by setting performers apart from the set, and downlighting can also help to increase light intensity in certain parts of the stage.
Side: Like front lighting, side lighting aims to illuminate the performers and provide extra visibility. This kind of lighting will help give more definition to their facial expressions, making it easier for your audience members to see them even at a distance. High side lighting involves side lights positioned higher specifically to help highlight your performers’ heads and shoulders for more definition.
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Many lighting lenses allow you to focus their beams to create different effects on stage. Depending on the script and lighting design, you may want a sharper focus on specific objects. Lights like followspots and ERS lights can provide intense, crisp beams that allow for little light spill outside the specified beam, while other choices like Fresnel lights create softer beams with less focus.
Lighting is also essential for guiding the focus of your audience. Your lighting choices can help make objects fit seamlessly into the background or help performers stand out, so the audience notices them as soon as they appear on stage. Choosing the proper lens focus can help you determine where your audience will look and how things appear on stage.
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